api_connection.hpp

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#pragma once
#include <fc/variant.hpp>
#include <fc/optional.hpp>
#include <fc/api.hpp>
#include <boost/any.hpp>
#include <memory>
#include <vector>
#include <functional>
#include <utility>
#include <fc/signals.hpp>
 
namespace fc {
   class api_connection;
 
   namespace detail {
      template<typename Signature>
      class callback_functor
      {
         public:
            typedef typename std::function<Signature>::result_type result_type;
 
            callback_functor( std::weak_ptr< fc::api_connection > con, uint64_t id )
            :_callback_id(id),_api_connection(con){}
 
            template<typename... Args> 
            result_type operator()( Args... args )const;
 
         private:
            uint64_t _callback_id;
            std::weak_ptr< fc::api_connection > _api_connection;
      };
 
      template<typename R, typename Arg0, typename ... Args>
      std::function<R(Args...)> bind_first_arg( const std::function<R(Arg0,Args...)>& f, Arg0 a0 )
      {
         // Capture a0 this way because of a {compiler,fc,???} bug that causes optional<bool>() to be incorrectly
         // captured as optional<bool>(false).
         return [f, a0 = std::decay_t<Arg0>(a0)]( Args... args ) { return f( a0, args... ); };
      }
      template<typename R>
      R call_generic( const std::function<R()>& f, variants::const_iterator a0, variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth = 1 )
      {
         return f();
      }
 
      template<typename R, typename Arg0, typename ... Args>
      R call_generic( const std::function<R(Arg0,Args...)>& f, variants::const_iterator a0,
                      variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth )
      {
         bool optional_args = all_optionals<std::decay_t<Arg0>, std::decay_t<Args>...>::value;
         FC_ASSERT( a0 != e || optional_args );
         FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
         if (a0==e)
            return call_generic<R,Args...>( bind_first_arg<R,Arg0,Args...>( f, std::decay_t<Arg0>() ), a0,
                                            e, max_depth - 1 );
         auto arg = a0->as<std::decay_t<Arg0>>(max_depth - 1);
         return call_generic<R,Args...>( bind_first_arg<R,Arg0,Args...>( f, std::move(arg) ), a0+1, e,
                                         max_depth - 1 );
      }
 
      template<typename R, typename ... Args>
      std::function<variant(const fc::variants&, uint32_t)> to_generic( const std::function<R(Args...)>& f )
      {
         return [=]( const variants& args, uint32_t max_depth ) {
            FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
            return variant( call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), max_depth - 1 ), max_depth - 1 );
         };
      }
 
      template<typename ... Args>
      std::function<variant(const fc::variants&, uint32_t)> to_generic( const std::function<void(Args...)>& f )
      {
         return [=]( const variants& args, uint32_t max_depth ) {
            FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
            call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), max_depth - 1 );
            return variant();
         };
      }
 
      class any_api : public api_base
      {
         public:
            any_api( api_id_type api_id, const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& con )
               : _api_id(api_id), _api_connection(con) {}
 
            virtual uint64_t get_handle()const override
            {  return _api_id;    }
 
            virtual api_id_type register_api( api_connection& conn )const override
            {  FC_ASSERT( false ); return api_id_type(); }
 
            api_id_type                         _api_id;
            std::weak_ptr<fc::api_connection>   _api_connection;
      };
 
   } // namespace detail
 
   class generic_api
   {
      public:
         template<typename Api>
         generic_api( const Api& a, const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& c );
 
         generic_api( const generic_api& cpy ) = delete;
 
         variant call( const string& name, const variants& args )
         {
            auto itr = _by_name.find(name);
            if( itr == _by_name.end() )
               FC_THROW_EXCEPTION( method_not_found_exception, "No method with name '${name}'",
                                   ("name",name)("api",_by_name) );
            return call( itr->second, args );
         }
 
         variant call( uint32_t method_id, const variants& args )
         {
            if( method_id >= _methods.size() )
               FC_THROW_EXCEPTION( method_not_found_exception, "No method with id '${id}'",
                                   ("id",method_id)("api",_by_name) );
            return _methods[method_id](args);
         }
 
         std::weak_ptr< fc::api_connection > get_connection()
         {
            return _api_connection;
         }
 
         std::vector<std::string> get_method_names()const
         {
            std::vector<std::string> result;
            result.reserve( _by_name.size() );
            for( auto& m : _by_name ) result.push_back(m.first);
            return result;
         }
 
      private:
         friend struct api_visitor;
 
         template<typename R, typename Arg0, typename ... Args>
         std::function<R(Args...)> bind_first_arg( const std::function<R(Arg0,Args...)>& f, Arg0 a0 )const
         {
            // Capture a0 this way because of a {compiler,fc,???} bug that causes optional<bool>() to be incorrectly
            // captured as optional<bool>(false).
            return [f, a0 = std::decay_t<Arg0>(a0)]( Args... args ) { return f( a0, args... ); };
         }
 
         template<typename R>
         R call_generic( const std::function<R()>& f, variants::const_iterator a0, variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth = 1 )const
         {
            return f();
         }
 
         template<typename R, typename Signature, typename ... Args, 
               typename std::enable_if<std::is_function<Signature>::value,Signature>::type* = nullptr>
         R call_generic( const std::function<R(std::function<Signature>,Args...)>& f, 
               variants::const_iterator a0, variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth )
         {
            FC_ASSERT( a0 != e, "too few arguments passed to method" );
            FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
            detail::callback_functor<Signature> arg0( get_connection(), a0->as<uint64_t>(1) );
            return call_generic<R,Args...>( this->bind_first_arg<R,std::function<Signature>,Args...>( f, 
                  std::function<Signature>(arg0) ), a0+1, e, max_depth - 1 );
         }
         template<typename R, typename Signature, typename ... Args, 
               typename std::enable_if<std::is_function<Signature>::value,Signature>::type* = nullptr>
         R call_generic( const std::function<R(const std::function<Signature>&,Args...)>& f, 
               variants::const_iterator a0, variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth )
         {
            FC_ASSERT( a0 != e, "too few arguments passed to method" );
            FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
            detail::callback_functor<Signature> arg0( get_connection(), a0->as<uint64_t>(1) );
            return call_generic<R,Args...>( this->bind_first_arg<R,const std::function<Signature>&,Args...>( f, 
                  arg0 ), a0+1, e, max_depth - 1 );
         }
 
         template<typename R, typename Arg0, typename ... Args>
         R call_generic( const std::function<R(Arg0,Args...)>& f, variants::const_iterator a0,
                         variants::const_iterator e, uint32_t max_depth )
         {
            bool optional_args = detail::all_optionals<std::decay_t<Arg0>, std::decay_t<Args>...>::value;
            FC_ASSERT( a0 != e || optional_args, "too few arguments passed to method" );
            FC_ASSERT( max_depth > 0, "Recursion depth exceeded!" );
            if (a0==e)
               return call_generic<R,Args...>( this->bind_first_arg<R,Arg0,Args...>( f, std::decay_t<Arg0>() ), a0,
                                               e, max_depth - 1 );
            auto arg = a0->as<std::decay_t<Arg0>>(max_depth - 1);
            return call_generic<R,Args...>( this->bind_first_arg<R,Arg0,Args...>( f, std::move(arg) ), a0+1, e,
                                            max_depth - 1 );
         }
 
         struct api_visitor
         {
            api_visitor( generic_api& a, const std::weak_ptr<fc::api_connection>& s ):_api(a),_api_con(s){ }
 
            template<typename Interface, typename Adaptor, typename ... Args>
            std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> to_generic( const std::function<api<Interface,Adaptor>(Args...)>& f )const;
 
            template<typename Interface, typename Adaptor, typename ... Args>
            std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> to_generic( const std::function<fc::optional<api<Interface,Adaptor>>(Args...)>& f )const;
 
            template<typename ... Args>
            std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> to_generic( const std::function<fc::api_ptr(Args...)>& f )const;
 
            template<typename R, typename ... Args>
            std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> to_generic( const std::function<R(Args...)>& f )const;
 
            template<typename ... Args>
            std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> to_generic( const std::function<void(Args...)>& f )const;
 
            template<typename Result, typename... Args>
            void operator()( const char* name, std::function<Result(Args...)>& memb )const {
               _api._methods.emplace_back( to_generic( memb ) );
               _api._by_name[name] = _api._methods.size() - 1;
            }
 
            generic_api& _api;
            const std::weak_ptr<fc::api_connection>& _api_con;
         };
 
 
         std::weak_ptr<fc::api_connection>                       _api_connection;
         boost::any                                              _api;
         std::map< std::string, uint32_t >                       _by_name;
         std::vector< std::function<variant(const variants&)> >  _methods;
   }; // class generic_api
 
 
 
   class api_connection : public std::enable_shared_from_this<fc::api_connection>
   {
      public:
         api_connection(uint32_t max_depth):_max_conversion_depth(max_depth){}
         virtual ~api_connection(){};
 
 
         template<typename T>
         api<T> get_remote_api( api_id_type api_id = 0 )
         {
            api<T> result;
            result->visit( api_visitor(  api_id, this->shared_from_this() ) );
            return result;
         }
  
         virtual variant send_call( api_id_type api_id, string method_name, variants args = variants() ) = 0;
         virtual variant send_callback( uint64_t callback_id, variants args = variants() ) = 0;
         virtual void    send_notice( uint64_t callback_id, variants args = variants() ) = 0;
 
         variant receive_call( api_id_type api_id, const string& method_name, const variants& args = variants() )const
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _local_apis.size() > api_id );
            return _local_apis[api_id]->call( method_name, args );
         }
         variant receive_callback( uint64_t callback_id,  const variants& args = variants() )const
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _local_callbacks.size() > callback_id );
            return _local_callbacks[callback_id]( args, _max_conversion_depth );
         }
         void receive_notice( uint64_t callback_id,  const variants& args = variants() )const
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _local_callbacks.size() > callback_id );
            _local_callbacks[callback_id]( args, _max_conversion_depth );
         }
 
         template<typename Interface>
         api_id_type register_api( const Interface& a )
         {
            auto handle = a.get_handle();
            auto itr = _handle_to_id.find(handle);
            if( itr != _handle_to_id.end() ) return itr->second;
 
            _local_apis.push_back( std::unique_ptr<generic_api>( new generic_api(a, shared_from_this() ) ) );
            _handle_to_id[handle] = _local_apis.size() - 1;
            return _local_apis.size() - 1;
         }
 
         template<typename Signature>
         uint64_t register_callback( const std::function<Signature>& cb )
         {
            _local_callbacks.push_back( detail::to_generic( cb ) );
            return _local_callbacks.size() - 1;
         }
 
         std::vector<std::string> get_method_names( api_id_type local_api_id = 0 )const { return _local_apis[local_api_id]->get_method_names(); }
 
         fc::signal<void()> closed;
         const uint32_t     _max_conversion_depth; // for nested structures, json, variant etc.
      private:
         std::vector< std::unique_ptr<generic_api> >                      _local_apis;
         std::map< uint64_t, api_id_type >                                _handle_to_id;
         std::vector< std::function<variant(const variants&, uint32_t)> > _local_callbacks;
 
 
         struct api_visitor
         {
            uint32_t                            _api_id;
            std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection> _connection;
 
            api_visitor( uint32_t api_id, std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection> con )
            :_api_id(api_id),_connection(std::move(con))
            {
            }
 
            api_visitor() = delete;
 
            template<typename Result>
            static Result from_variant( const variant& v, Result*, const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>&, uint32_t max_depth )
            {
               return v.as<Result>( max_depth );
            }
 
            template<typename ResultInterface>
            static fc::api<ResultInterface> from_variant( const variant& v, 
                                                          fc::api<ResultInterface>* /*used for template deduction*/,
                                                          const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>&  con,
                                                          uint32_t max_depth = 1
                                                        )
            {
               return con->get_remote_api<ResultInterface>( v.as_uint64() );
            }
 
            static fc::api_ptr from_variant(
               const variant& v,
               fc::api_ptr* /* used for template deduction */,
               const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>&  con,
               uint32_t max_depth = 1
            )
            {
               if( v.is_null() )
                  return fc::api_ptr();
               return fc::api_ptr( new detail::any_api( v.as_uint64(), con ) );
            }
 
            template<typename T>
            static fc::variant convert_callbacks( const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& con, const T& v )
            { 
               return fc::variant( v, con->_max_conversion_depth );
            }
 
            template<typename Signature>
            static fc::variant convert_callbacks( const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& con, const std::function<Signature>& v ) 
            { 
               return con->register_callback( v ); 
            }
 
            template<typename Result, typename... Args>
            void operator()( const char* name, std::function<Result(Args...)>& memb )const 
            {
                auto con   = _connection;
                auto api_id = _api_id;
                memb = [con,api_id,name]( Args... args ) {
                    auto var_result = con->send_call( api_id, name, { convert_callbacks(con,args)...} );
                    return from_variant( var_result, (Result*)nullptr, con, con->_max_conversion_depth );
                };
            }
            template<typename... Args>
            void operator()( const char* name, std::function<void(Args...)>& memb )const 
            {
                auto con   = _connection;
                auto api_id = _api_id;
                memb = [con,api_id,name]( Args... args ) {
                   con->send_call( api_id, name, { convert_callbacks(con,args)...} );
                };
            }
         };
   };
 
   class local_api_connection : public api_connection
   {
      public:
         local_api_connection( uint32_t max_depth ) : api_connection(max_depth){}
         ~local_api_connection(){}
 
         virtual variant send_call( api_id_type api_id, string method_name, variants args = variants() ) override
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _remote_connection );
            return _remote_connection->receive_call( api_id, method_name, std::move(args) );
         }
         virtual variant send_callback( uint64_t callback_id, variants args = variants() ) override
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _remote_connection );
            return _remote_connection->receive_callback( callback_id, args );
         }
         virtual void send_notice( uint64_t callback_id, variants args = variants() ) override
         {
            FC_ASSERT( _remote_connection );
            _remote_connection->receive_notice( callback_id, args );
         }
 
 
         void  set_remote_connection( const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& rc )
         {
            FC_ASSERT( !_remote_connection );
            FC_ASSERT( rc != this->shared_from_this() );
            _remote_connection = rc;
         }
         const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& remote_connection()const  { return _remote_connection; }
 
         std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>    _remote_connection;
   };
 
   template<typename Api>
   generic_api::generic_api( const Api& a, const std::shared_ptr<fc::api_connection>& c )
   :_api_connection(c),_api(a)
   {
      boost::any_cast<const Api&>(a)->visit( api_visitor( *this, c ) );
   }
 
   template<typename Interface, typename Adaptor, typename ... Args>
   std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> generic_api::api_visitor::to_generic( 
                                               const std::function<fc::api<Interface,Adaptor>(Args...)>& f )const
   {
      auto api_con = _api_con;
      auto gapi = &_api;
      return [=]( const variants& args ) { 
         auto con = api_con.lock();
         FC_ASSERT( con, "not connected" );
 
         auto api_result = gapi->call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), con->_max_conversion_depth );
         return con->register_api( api_result );
      };
   }
   template<typename Interface, typename Adaptor, typename ... Args>
   std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> generic_api::api_visitor::to_generic( 
                                               const std::function<fc::optional<fc::api<Interface,Adaptor>>(Args...)>& f )const
   {
      auto api_con = _api_con;
      auto gapi = &_api;
      return [=]( const variants& args )-> fc::variant { 
         auto con = api_con.lock();
         FC_ASSERT( con, "not connected" );
 
         auto api_result = gapi->call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), con->_max_conversion_depth );
         if( api_result )
            return con->register_api( *api_result );
         return variant();
      };
   }
 
   template<typename ... Args>
   std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> generic_api::api_visitor::to_generic(
                                               const std::function<fc::api_ptr(Args...)>& f )const
   {
      auto api_con = _api_con;
      auto gapi = &_api;
      return [=]( const variants& args ) -> fc::variant {
         auto con = api_con.lock();
         FC_ASSERT( con, "not connected" );
 
         auto api_result = gapi->call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), con->_max_conversion_depth );
         if( !api_result )
            return variant();
         return api_result->register_api( *con );
      };
   }
 
   template<typename R, typename ... Args>
   std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> generic_api::api_visitor::to_generic( const std::function<R(Args...)>& f )const
   {
      auto con = _api_con.lock();
      FC_ASSERT( con, "not connected" );
      uint32_t max_depth = con->_max_conversion_depth;
      generic_api* gapi = &_api;
      return [f,gapi,max_depth]( const variants& args ) {
         return variant( gapi->call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), max_depth ), max_depth );
      };
   }
 
   template<typename ... Args>
   std::function<variant(const fc::variants&)> generic_api::api_visitor::to_generic( const std::function<void(Args...)>& f )const
   {
      auto con = _api_con.lock();
      FC_ASSERT( con, "not connected" );
      uint32_t max_depth = con->_max_conversion_depth;
      generic_api* gapi = &_api;
      return [f,gapi,max_depth]( const variants& args ) {
         gapi->call_generic( f, args.begin(), args.end(), max_depth );
         return variant();
      };
   }
 
   template< typename Interface, typename Transform >
   api_id_type api< Interface, Transform >::register_api( api_connection& conn )const
   {
      return conn.register_api( *this );
   }
 
   template< typename T >
   api<T> api_base::as()
   {
      // TODO:  this method should probably be const (if it is not too hard)
      api<T>* maybe_requested_type = dynamic_cast< api<T>* >(this);
      if( maybe_requested_type != nullptr )
         return *maybe_requested_type;
 
      detail::any_api* maybe_any = dynamic_cast< detail::any_api* >(this);
      FC_ASSERT( maybe_any != nullptr );
      std::shared_ptr< api_connection > api_conn = maybe_any->_api_connection.lock();
      FC_ASSERT( api_conn );
      return api_conn->get_remote_api<T>( maybe_any->_api_id );
   }
 
   namespace detail {
      template<typename Signature>
      template<typename... Args> 
      typename callback_functor<Signature>::result_type callback_functor<Signature>::operator()( Args... args )const
      {
         std::shared_ptr< fc::api_connection > locked = _api_connection.lock();
         // TODO:  make new exception type for this instead of recycling eof_exception
         if( !locked )
            throw fc::eof_exception();
         locked->send_callback( _callback_id, fc::variants{ args... } ).template as< result_type >();
      }
 
 
      template<typename... Args>
      class callback_functor<void(Args...)>
      {
         public:
          typedef void result_type;
 
          callback_functor( std::weak_ptr< fc::api_connection > con, uint64_t id )
          :_callback_id(id),_api_connection(con){}
 
          void operator()( Args... args )const
          {
             std::shared_ptr< fc::api_connection > locked = _api_connection.lock();
             // TODO:  make new exception type for this instead of recycling eof_exception
             if( !locked )
                throw fc::eof_exception();
             locked->send_notice( _callback_id, fc::variants{ args... } );
          }
 
         private:
          uint64_t _callback_id;
          std::weak_ptr< fc::api_connection > _api_connection;
      };
   } // namespace detail
 
} // fc